It is extremely unusual for ANY traffic globally to pass through more than 30 routers. Now, it's likely that your ISP and google operates several routers on that journey, making the number more realistically 10 or 15 routers. During this process, we'll probably have travelled up to 100 miles, going through 3 routers. Then it'll pass through some more switches, and end up at google's router, which will pass to a server to respond to the ping and filter it's way back to you. This will probably forward on to your ISP's central office, where it is received by a router. ![]() It is not a router, it is a type of switch. It has no concept of IP addresses, just MAC addresses. This device however will not read the destination. The receiver of the data is probably a repeater, or junction box. In this case, our Layer 2 operation is not handled by the ethernet protocol, but either a fibre protocol or PPP. As your router probably has only one outbound interface, it'll go there. Your router receives the ICMP packet, then follows the same process for deciding where to send it next. ![]() The physical act of making electrical signals on your LAN cable is a Layer 1 operation. Our PC deciding the next hop is 192.168.0.1 is a Layer 3 operation, while the act of encoding and sending are Layer 2 operations. Our computer deciding to send an ICMP packet represents a Layer 4 operation. The OSI model is made up of 7 layers, and dictates how networking in general works. We've just walked over something very important here, called the OSI model. Your LAN card will encode the packet and send it when it's possible to do so. Because your PC's default gateway is 192.168.0.1 (your home router), it fetches the MAC address associated with that address from it's local cache, picks a device that can reach that address (your LAN connection) and sends the ICMP packet to it. Let's walk a ping from your PC, through a home router, to .įirst off, your PC sends out the ICMP packet with the destination address 74.125.45.100 (one of 's DNS addresses). Right, I guess it's time for me to teach you how the internet works. This system is also far from foolproof, hence why I stamped contact info in the top right.Not withstanding the fact that a POTS can comfortably run ADSL services up to 4 Km and (assuming it's properly insulated according to standards, which it rarely is) maintain 8 Mb/s speeds before it needs switching, your entire post is so wrong it's not even funny. The guy is incredibly busy and doesn't have time for the entire SPLURT drama or everything else that gets thrown at him. His reason for not wanting to implement NSFW filtering was something akin to "I dont want to have to moderate people who dont respect the system", which is understandable given he has to juggle standard BYOND development, a family, another full time job, and everything else. He also inherited the code from dan+tom and hub code is an arcane nightmare just to look at. His main issue was the precedent it sets on who is allowed on the hub and who isn't.
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